給專業人員期刊摘要

Lancet 2026-06-13｜本期新刊導讀

最後審閱 2026-06-13 15 分鐘

標籤5

本期共 29 篇，其中 0 篇 OA。以下各篇均為僅依摘要評論。

本期主軸

本期的核心是 chronic kidney disease（CKD）從疾病負擔、偵測、治療到政策落地的全鏈條重估。研究與 Series 共同把 CKD 從「腎臟專科問題」推向「心腎代謝、初級照護與全球衛生政策問題」：finerenone、atrasentan、SGLT2 inhibitors、GLP receptor agonists 與 non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists 的定位，已不再只是單一藥物療效，而是如何在不同病因、albuminuria、eGFR、glycaemic status 與共病組合中分層使用。

第二條主線是 Bundibugyo virus 所致 Ebola outbreak 的診斷、治理與邊境政策。多篇 Comment、World Report 與 Correspondence 指向同一個問題：若 rapid diagnostic test 對非 Zaire ebolavirus 的可及性與可靠性不足，疫情數字、隔離決策、跨境移動管理與資源動員都會失準。

第三條主線是 醫療系統的制度性偏差：AI 導入可能把 inverse care law 變成更動態的 recursive care law；statin adverse events 的 correspondence 則提醒，藥物安全性的因果判讀不能只靠 product label、個案印象或未校正的多重比較。

必讀導讀

1. Efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease: an individual participant data pooled analysis (INFINITY)

類型：IPD pooled analysis｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。這篇把 finerenone 的臨床定位從「type 2 diabetes 相關 CKD」往更廣泛 CKD phenotype 推進。摘要指出，在所研究的 CKD 族群中，finerenone 降低 CKD progression，包括 kidney failure alone，並降低 heart failure hospitalisation、cardiovascular death 與 all-cause death。重點不只是腎臟 endpoint，也包括心衰竭與死亡 outcome，符合 CKD 作為心腎代謝疾病的現代框架。臨床上，這支持把 finerenone 視為 CKD foundational therapy 的候選之一，但摘要未提供各 subgroup 的絕對效益、安全性細節、停藥率或 potassium 相關數據；因此不宜把「broad range」直接解讀成所有 CKD 病人皆同等適用。 常見誤判：把 finerenone 仍侷限在 type 2 diabetes kidney disease，或反過來把 broad CKD benefit 解讀成不需依 eGFR、albuminuria、病因與安全性風險分層。

類型：RCT｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。ALIGN 是 IgA nephropathy 領域的重要 phase 3 RCT，摘要指出 atrasentan 在 2·5 年追蹤中降低 proteinuria 並保留 kidney function，且效果在有無合併 SGLT2 inhibitor 使用者皆可見，整體耐受性良好。這對臨床的意義是：endothelin receptor pathway 不只是短期降低蛋白尿的機轉假說，而可能進入較長期 kidney function preservation 的治療討論。仍需注意，摘要未提供 proteinuria 下降幅度、eGFR slope、hard kidney endpoint、fluid retention 或 edema 等安全性數據；因此此文可強化「值得納入治療選項評估」，但不能只用摘要替代完整風險—效益判讀。 常見誤判：把 proteinuria reduction 直接等同於已證實降低 kidney failure，忽略蛋白尿、eGFR slope 與病人中心 hard outcome 的層級差異。

類型：RCT｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。Retatrutide 作為 GIP、GLP-1 與 glucagon receptor agonist 的三重受體藥物，本篇 phase 3 RCT 在 diet and exercise 控制不足的 type 2 diabetes 成人中，作為 monotherapy 顯示 glycaemic control 與 bodyweight reduction 的顯著改善，adverse event profile 與具 GLP-1 agonist activity 的分子一致。臨床上，這代表 incretin-based therapy 的競爭焦點正在從單一 GLP-1 receptor agonism，進入多受體設計能否同時改善血糖、體重與可耐受性的問題。不過摘要未列 HbA1c、體重變化量、停藥率、嚴重不良事件或心腎 outcome；因此不能從此摘要推論其 cardiovascular 或 kidney protection。 常見誤判：把「三重受體」視為必然優於單一或雙重 agonist，而未要求 head-to-head、長期安全性與 hard outcome 證據。

4. Advances in the diagnosis and detection of chronic kidney disease

類型：narrative review｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。本篇 Series 把 CKD 偵測問題放在全球疾病負擔與 ascertainment bias 下重看：摘要列出 CKD 影響 788–844 million adults worldwide，且預計 2040 年成為第五大死因；但 burden estimates 受限於檢測不足，尤其是低收入與中等收入國家。臨床重點是，CKD detection 不能只靠 serum creatinine 的慣性流程；cystatin C 可改善 GFR estimation，albuminuria 是 screening 與 risk stratification 的關鍵標記，kidney biopsy 仍在診斷與預後上有角色，而 multiomics 可能推動 precision medicine。這篇適合用來校正門診對 CKD screening 的低估。 常見誤判：以為 creatinine 正常即可排除 CKD，或只看 eGFR 而忽略 albuminuria 對風險分層的核心地位。

5. Chronic kidney disease, complex conditions, and advancing therapeutics: new hope and challenges

類型：narrative review｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。這篇 Series 將 CKD 描述為 rarely occurs in isolation 的 multisystem condition，重點放在 shared inflammatory、metabolic 與 fibrotic pathways。摘要指出 SGLT2 inhibitors、non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists 與 GLP receptor agonists 對延緩 CKD progression 與改善 cardiovascular outcomes 有重要效益，且 combination strategies 具 additive potential。臨床上，這代表 CKD 治療不應再以「單一腎臟藥」思考，而要依糖尿病、obesity、heart failure、感染風險與 albuminuria 等共病結構組合治療。摘要未提供具體 combination sequencing 或安全性監測細節，因此不能把「additive potential」簡化成全面疊加用藥。 常見誤判：把 SGLT2 inhibitors、finerenone 與 GLP receptor agonists 當成彼此替代，而非需依 phenotype、耐受性與剩餘風險考慮互補。

6. Implementing the commitments of the World Health Assembly kidney health resolution: a key opportunity to improve health for millions

類型：health policy｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。本篇 Health Policy 接續 2025 年第 78 屆 World Health Assembly kidney health resolution，將 CKD 政策化為可執行承諾。摘要指出 CKD 影響 850 million people worldwide，且低收入與中等收入國家承受不成比例負擔，特別是 timely diagnosis、treatment 與 kidney replacement therapy（KRT）可近性不足。政策重點包括把 kidney care 納入 national strategies、強化 prevention、early detection、timely management、primary care、KRT access，以及建立 burden、progress 與 return on investment 的量測能力。這篇的臨床價值在於提醒醫療體系：CKD 改善不是只靠末期腎病照護，而是從初級照護篩檢與慢病整合開始。 常見誤判：把 kidney health policy 簡化成增加 dialysis 或 transplant 資源，忽略早期偵測、primary care 整合與投資報酬量監測。

7. Urgent need for a reliable rapid diagnostic test for the Ebola epidemic caused by Bundibugyo virus in Africa

類型：comment｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。這篇 Comment 聚焦 Bundibugyo virus 所致 Ebola epidemic 的診斷瓶頸。摘要指出，此疫情已被 WHO 宣告為 public health emergency of international concern，Africa CDC 也宣告為 public health emergency of continental security；截至 2026 年 5 月 23 日，DR Congo 有 91 laboratory-confirmed cases、867 suspected cases、214 deaths，其中 10 laboratory confirmed deaths，Uganda 則有 5 imported cases 與 1 death。臨床與公共衛生重點是：在非 Zaire ebolavirus outbreak 中，若 rapid diagnostic test 不可靠，confirmed 與 suspected cases 的落差會直接影響隔離、接觸者追蹤、病例定義與資源分派。 常見誤判：以為所有 Ebola rapid tests 對 Bundibugyo virus 都可等同使用，忽略 virus species 對診斷敏感度與現場決策的影響。

8. The recursive care law: artificial intelligence reinforcing feedback loops and health inequity

類型：comment｜全文：未標 OA

僅依摘要評論。本篇將 Julian Tudor Hart 的 inverse care law 延伸為 AI 時代的 recursive care law：醫療資源不足的地區不只較少得到照護，也可能更少獲得 AI 導入、資料回饋與品質改善，進而形成自我強化的落差。摘要提到 2023–24 年 3560 家 US hospitals 的分析中，AI models implementation 呈地理群聚，且 healthcare need 較高的區域較不可能有醫院使用這些系統。臨床治理上，這篇提醒 AI 不公平不只在 model bias 或 training data，也在 deployment geography、procurement capacity、基礎設施與回饋資料是否能進入改善循環。 常見誤判：把 AI health equity 問題只歸因於演算法偏差，而忽略導入地點、醫院資源與資料回饋迴路本身會放大不平等。

指南/綜論/方法學（表格）

分類	文章	類型／全文	導讀重點
CKD 政策脈絡	The next steps for chronic kidney disease	editorial｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。社論承接 WHO kidney health resolution，強調決議通過後真正困難在 operationalisation，需把 CKD 放進非傳染性疾病治理與 diabetes control 的實作經驗中。
CKD 藥物定位	Finerenone: kidney protection beyond type 2 diabetes	comment｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。短評提醒 type 2 diabetes 不是 CKD 進展至 KRT 的唯一主因，finerenone 的定位正在從糖尿病腎病擴展至更廣 CKD 病因與 phenotype。
IgA nephropathy	Endothelin antagonism in IgA nephropathy: promise ahead of proof?	comment｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。以 endothelin-1 在腎內上調、促進 vasoconstriction、mesangial proliferation、inflammation 與 fibrosis 為機轉，審慎看待 ERA 在 IgA nephropathy 的證據成熟度。
代謝藥物	Multireceptor modulation in metabolic disease: are more targets better?	comment｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。從 GLP-1 receptor agonists 與 tirzepatide 的成功出發，討論多受體 nutrient-stimulated hormone modulation 是否真能換來更高療效、代謝廣度或耐受性。
醫療人文／投稿	Highlights 2026 photography competition: health and humanity in focus	comment｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。攝影競賽文章凸顯影像在全球健康敘事中的角色，提醒醫學傳播不只靠數據，也需看見病人、照護者與場域的人性脈絡。
醫學教育／人文	The Wakley Prize 2026: learning experience	comment｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。以早期醫療職涯的學習挫折為主題，提醒「通過考試」不是專業成熟的終點，臨床經驗常迫使知識重新校準。
疫情治理	WHO and Africa CDC launch $518 million Ebola plan	news｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。World Report 描述 WHO 與 Africa CDC 以 $518 million Ebola plan 回應 Bundibugyo outbreak，重點在 unified coordinated response，而非單點式援助。
醫學倫理／國際政治	Petition calls for boycott of Israeli Medical Association	news｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。報導聚焦要求 IMA 因 Gaza 立場被 World Medical Association 停權的呼聲，反映醫學組織在戰爭、人權與專業中立間的壓力。
旅行醫學	The medicine of…cruise ships	news｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。由 MV Hondius hantavirus outbreak 切入 cruise ship medicine，提示船上醫療不只處理爆發事件，更涉及日常急症、感染管制與有限資源照護。
醫療人文	Art on repeat prescription	humanities｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。作者以藝術實作與壓力調節連結醫師福祉，提醒 arts engagement 可能支持 empathy 與心理韌性，不應只視為休閒活動。
創傷與記憶	Between two worlds: war, memory, and what resists within	humanities｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。以 Beirut 受轟炸消息進入診間時的身心反應，呈現醫師作為臨床者與受創記憶承載者之間的張力。
訃聞	J Craig Venter	obituary｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。訃聞回顧 J Craig Venter 對 microbial genome sequencing 與 Human Genome Project 商業競爭格局的影響，凸顯基因體學的科學與產業雙重面向。
Ebola 現場通訊	Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak in Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。通訊確認 Ituri Province 三個 health zones 受影響，並指出這是 DR Congo 第 17 次 Ebola outbreak，提供地理與病原背景。
Ebola syndemic	The 17th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a syndemic challenge	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。作者把疫情置於 chronic insecurity、mass displacement 與診斷能力受限的 syndemic 結構中，提醒高 mortality field observations 需結合脈絡判讀。
旅行限制	Travel restrictions and Ebola outbreaks: public health implications	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。通訊討論 PHEIC 後 travel restrictions 與 border closures 的公共衛生意涵，重點是限制移動可能造成防疫與人道後果的權衡。
疫情準備	Ebola outbreaks in DR Congo and Uganda: until when?	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。作者以 2026 年 5 月 15 日已報告 suspected cases 與 deaths 的數據，指出疫情反覆暴露 sub-Saharan Africa preparedness 的脆弱性。
Statin 安全性	Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。來函回應 CTT individual participant data meta-analysis，提醒評估 statin-associated adverse events 時，trial evidence 與 product label 之間仍有解讀挑戰。
Statin 因果判讀	Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。來函聚焦 CTT 以 false discovery rate 5% 控制多重比較後，多數 label adverse effects 不支持 causality 的結論及其限制。
Statin 作者回覆	Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events – Authors’ reply	correspondence｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。作者回覆重申 123 940 participants、19 double-blind RCTs 的分析，認為多數 label 所列 adverse effects 缺乏 trial-based causal support。
校誤	Department of Error	correction｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。此校誤更新 EBCTCG ovarian ablation or suppression patient-level meta-analysis 的 figure 2 與 figure 3，臨床引用圖表時需使用更新版本。
性別與腎臟	Advances in understanding the impact of sex on kidney health and disease	narrative review｜未標 OA	僅依摘要評論。Series 指出 male 與 female 在 kidney structure、function、CKD presentation、outcomes 與 response to novel therapeutics 上有 heterogeneity，但 guidelines 仍常忽略 sex-specific differences。

臨床可帶走的 10 點

CKD 不能再只被視為腎臟科末端疾病。 本期從診斷、藥物、共病與政策都把 CKD 放入心腎代謝與公共衛生框架。
eGFR alone 不夠。 CKD detection 需重視 albuminuria，並在適當情境納入 cystatin C、kidney biopsy 或更進階風險分層。
Finerenone 的討論已超出 type 2 diabetes。 但摘要層級不足以支持「所有 CKD 一律適用」，仍需依 phenotype 與安全性風險判斷。
IgA nephropathy 的 atrasentan 證據正在成熟。 2·5 年 RCT 摘要支持 proteinuria 與 kidney function benefit，但不可把蛋白尿下降直接等同 hard kidney outcome。
多受體 incretin 藥物的臨床價值需分開看血糖、體重、耐受性與 hard outcomes。 Retatrutide 的 glycaemic 與 weight data 令人關注，但摘要未提供心腎 outcome。
CKD combination therapy 是趨勢，但不是無條件疊加。 SGLT2 inhibitors、non-steroidal MRAs 與 GLP receptor agonists 需依共病、風險與耐受性整合。
Bundibugyo virus outbreak 的核心瓶頸之一是診斷。 rapid diagnostic test 的可靠性會影響 suspected 與 confirmed cases 的落差、隔離與資源配置。
Ebola travel restrictions 不應只用「關或不關」二分法。 邊境政策需同時考慮傳播控制、醫療資源、人道需求與社會信任。
AI in health care 的 equity 問題不只在 algorithm bias。 部署地點、醫院資源、資料回饋與採購能力都可能形成 recursive inequity。
Statin adverse events 需用因果證據判讀。 Product label、病人主訴與 trial-based causal inference 不是同一層級證據，需避免把 temporal association 當成 causation。

完整文章連結

Perspectives／Humanities／Obituary

Art on repeat prescription — humanities｜全文：未標 OA
Between two worlds: war, memory, and what resists within — humanities｜全文：未標 OA
J Craig Venter — obituary｜全文：未標 OA

Correspondence

Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak in Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
The 17th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a syndemic challenge — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
Travel restrictions and Ebola outbreaks: public health implications — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
Ebola outbreaks in DR Congo and Uganda: until when? — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA
Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events – Authors’ reply — correspondence｜全文：未標 OA

Correction

Department of Error — correction｜全文：未標 OA

Articles

Efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease: an individual participant data pooled analysis (INFINITY) — IPD pooled analysis｜全文：未標 OA
Atrasentan in patients with IgA nephropathy (ALIGN): final 2·5-year results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial — RCT｜全文：未標 OA
Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial — RCT｜全文：未標 OA

Series

Advances in the diagnosis and detection of chronic kidney disease — narrative review｜全文：未標 OA
Advances in understanding the impact of sex on kidney health and disease — narrative review｜全文：未標 OA
Chronic kidney disease, complex conditions, and advancing therapeutics: new hope and challenges — narrative review｜全文：未標 OA

Health Policy

Implementing the commitments of the World Health Assembly kidney health resolution: a key opportunity to improve health for millions — health policy｜全文：未標 OA

Article-level structured metadata

[
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01183-9",
    "title": "The next steps for chronic kidney disease",
    "type": "editorial",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people with chronic kidney disease",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "WHO kidney health resolution requires implementation and operationalisation through broader non-communicable disease agenda integration.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating kidney health resolution as symbolic endorsement rather than an implementation agenda."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01093-7",
    "title": "Urgent need for a reliable rapid diagnostic test for the Ebola epidemic caused by Bundibugyo virus in Africa",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people affected by Bundibugyo virus Ebola epidemic in DR Congo and Uganda",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "By May 23, 2026: 91 laboratory-confirmed cases, 867 suspected cases, 214 deaths in DR Congo; 5 imported cases and 1 death in Uganda.",
    "key_claim": "Reliable rapid diagnostic testing is urgently needed for Bundibugyo virus outbreak response.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming all Ebola rapid diagnostic tests perform adequately for Bundibugyo virus."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01091-3",
    "title": "Finerenone: kidney protection beyond type 2 diabetes",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people with chronic kidney disease beyond type 2 diabetes-associated CKD",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "CKD progressing to kidney failure is often due to non-diabetes causes, supporting discussion of finerenone beyond type 2 diabetes.",
    "common_misconception": "Restricting finerenone conceptually to type 2 diabetes kidney disease."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01094-9",
    "title": "Endothelin antagonism in IgA nephropathy: promise ahead of proof?",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people with IgA nephropathy",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Endothelin-1 biology provides mechanistic rationale for ETA antagonists in IgA nephropathy.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating mechanistic plausibility of endothelin antagonism as equivalent to definitive clinical outcome proof."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01136-0",
    "title": "Multireceptor modulation in metabolic disease: are more targets better?",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people with type 2 diabetes and obesity/metabolic disease",
    "comparator": "tirzepatide versus semaglutide mentioned as contextual evidence",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Additional nutrient-stimulated hormone receptor modulation might improve efficacy, metabolic breadth, or tolerability, but requires evidence.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming more receptor targets necessarily means better clinical value."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00982-7",
    "title": "The recursive care law: artificial intelligence reinforcing feedback loops and health inequity",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "US hospitals and regions with different health-care need",
    "comparator": "regions with greater versus lower health-care need",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "2023–24 analysis of 3560 US hospitals; AI implementation geographically clustered and less likely in regions with greater health-care need.",
    "key_claim": "AI deployment can reinforce feedback loops that worsen health inequity.",
    "common_misconception": "Reducing AI inequity to algorithmic bias alone."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01142-6",
    "title": "Highlights 2026 photography competition: health and humanity in focus",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "global photography competition contributors",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "The Lancet Highlights 2026 photography competition is open for submissions and frames photography as global health storytelling.",
    "common_misconception": "Viewing visual health narratives as decorative rather than interpretive evidence of lived experience."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00919-0",
    "title": "The Wakley Prize 2026: learning experience",
    "type": "comment",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "early-career health professionals",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "The 2026 Wakley Prize invites reflections on early professional learning experiences.",
    "common_misconception": "Equating completion of examinations with clinical mastery."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01184-0",
    "title": "WHO and Africa CDC launch $518 million Ebola plan",
    "type": "news",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "communities affected by Bundibugyo Ebola outbreak",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "$518 million Ebola plan",
    "key_claim": "WHO and Africa CDC announced a coordinated response plan for Bundibugyo Ebola outbreak control.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming outbreak response is primarily a biomedical intervention rather than coordinated operational governance."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01185-2",
    "title": "Petition calls for boycott of Israeli Medical Association",
    "type": "news",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "Israeli Medical Association and World Medical Association context",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Critics call for IMA suspension from the World Medical Association over its stance on Gaza.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming professional medical associations are insulated from war, human rights, and international accountability disputes."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01186-4",
    "title": "The medicine of…cruise ships",
    "type": "news",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "cruise ship passengers and crew",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Cruise ship medicine includes outbreak attention but also routine day-to-day medical practice.",
    "common_misconception": "Reducing cruise ship medicine to rare outbreaks rather than continuous limited-resource care."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01151-7",
    "title": "Art on repeat prescription",
    "type": "humanities",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "doctors and general population engaging in arts",
    "comparator": "doctors versus general population engagement in arts",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Doctors are less likely than the general population to engage in the arts despite empathy-enhancing potential.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating arts engagement as leisure only, not relevant to clinician empathy or wellbeing."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01150-5",
    "title": "Between two worlds: war, memory, and what resists within",
    "type": "humanities",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "clinician experiencing threat-related vigilance and emotional memory during consultations",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "War memories and threat vigilance can coexist with outwardly unchanged clinical work.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming clinicians can fully compartmentalise personal or collective trauma during patient care."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01149-9",
    "title": "J Craig Venter",
    "type": "obituary",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "J Craig Venter",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "Born Oct 14, 1946; died Apr 29, 2026; aged 79 years.",
    "key_claim": "Geneticist and entrepreneur sequenced the first microbial genome and created a commercial rival to the Human Genome Project.",
    "common_misconception": "Viewing genome sequencing history as purely academic and not shaped by commercial competition."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01072-X",
    "title": "Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak in Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people in Rwampara, Mongbwalu, and Bunia health zones in Ituri Province",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "Declared May 15, 2026; three health zones affected; 17th Ebola outbreak in DR Congo.",
    "key_claim": "Laboratory analysis confirmed Bundibugyo virus in the Ituri outbreak.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating every Ebola outbreak in DR Congo as Zaire ebolavirus without checking species."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01042-1",
    "title": "The 17th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a syndemic challenge",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "communities affected by the 17th Ebola outbreak in DR Congo with possible Uganda expansion",
    "comparator": "Bundibugyo virus historical case fatality versus field observations in current outbreak",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "Historical Bundibugyo virus case fatality 14–63%; Zaire ebolavirus 63–87%; more than 90 suspected deaths as of May 18, 2026.",
    "key_claim": "The outbreak occurs within insecurity, displacement, and constrained diagnostics, making it a syndemic challenge.",
    "common_misconception": "Interpreting mortality data without considering insecurity, displacement, and diagnostic ascertainment."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01043-3",
    "title": "Travel restrictions and Ebola outbreaks: public health implications",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people affected by Ebola outbreak in DR Congo and Uganda",
    "comparator": "travel restrictions and border closures versus alternative outbreak control approaches",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "PHEIC declaration renewed calls for travel restrictions and border closures.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming border closure is automatically the most effective Ebola control measure."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01041-X",
    "title": "Ebola outbreaks in DR Congo and Uganda: until when?",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people in DR Congo and Uganda affected by Bundibugyo virus Ebola outbreak",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "As of May 15, 2026: 246 suspected cases and 80 deaths in Ituri, DR Congo; imported cases in Kampala, Uganda.",
    "key_claim": "Repeated Ebola outbreaks expose fragile epidemic preparedness across sub-Saharan Africa.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating recurrent Ebola outbreaks as isolated events rather than preparedness-system failures."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00850-0",
    "title": "Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "participants in statin adverse event evidence base discussed by CTT Collaboration",
    "comparator": "statin therapy versus placebo in referenced double-blind trials",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Correspondence raises challenges in interpreting statin-associated adverse events after CTT meta-analysis.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming all product-label adverse events are causally attributable to statins."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00855-X",
    "title": "Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "participants in CTT individual participant data meta-analysis of double-blind RCTs",
    "comparator": "statin therapy versus placebo",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "False discovery rate aimed at 5%; no numeric adverse event effect sizes provided in abstract.",
    "key_claim": "CTT analysis concluded data do not support causal relationships between statins and most labelled undesirable effects.",
    "common_misconception": "Equating temporal symptoms during statin use with causal adverse drug reactions."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01147-5",
    "title": "Challenges in assessing statin-associated adverse events – Authors’ reply",
    "type": "correspondence",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "123 940 participants in 19 double-blind randomised trials of statin versus placebo",
    "comparator": "statin versus placebo",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "123 940 participants; 19 double-blind randomised trials.",
    "key_claim": "For most labelled outcomes, trial data found no evidence of increase or decrease by statin therapy.",
    "common_misconception": "Reading absence of causal evidence for most labelled effects as proof that no patient can experience statin-related symptoms."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01012-3",
    "title": "Department of Error",
    "type": "correction",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "EBCTCG ovarian ablation or suppression meta-analysis readers",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Figure 2 and figure 3 were updated in EBCTCG ovarian ablation or suppression patient-level meta-analysis.",
    "common_misconception": "Citing corrected figures from the original article without checking online updates."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01009-3",
    "title": "Efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease: an individual participant data pooled analysis (INFINITY)",
    "type": "IPD pooled analysis",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "patients with chronic kidney disease across broad disease aetiologies and levels of glycaemia, eGFR, and albuminuria",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Finerenone reduced CKD progression, kidney failure alone, heart failure hospitalisation, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death in studied CKD populations.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming broad CKD benefit eliminates the need for subgroup and safety stratification."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00960-8",
    "title": "Atrasentan in patients with IgA nephropathy (ALIGN): final 2·5-year results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial",
    "type": "RCT",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "patients with IgA nephropathy",
    "comparator": "placebo",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Atrasentan reduced proteinuria and preserved kidney function after 2.5 years, with or without concomitant SGLT2 inhibitor use.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating proteinuria reduction alone as definitive proof of reduced kidney failure."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00967-0",
    "title": "Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial",
    "type": "RCT",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet and exercise alone",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Retatrutide as monotherapy significantly improved glycaemic control and bodyweight reduction with GLP-1-like adverse event profile.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming glycaemic and weight efficacy implies proven cardiovascular or kidney protection."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00702-6",
    "title": "Advances in the diagnosis and detection of chronic kidney disease",
    "type": "narrative review",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "adults with or at risk of chronic kidney disease worldwide",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "CKD affects 788–844 million adults worldwide; projected fifth leading cause of death by 2040.",
    "key_claim": "Improved GFR estimation with cystatin C, albuminuria screening, kidney biopsy, and multiomics can improve CKD diagnosis and detection.",
    "common_misconception": "Using serum creatinine or eGFR alone as sufficient CKD detection."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00654-9",
    "title": "Advances in understanding the impact of sex on kidney health and disease",
    "type": "narrative review",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "males and females with kidney health and disease contexts",
    "comparator": "males versus females",
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "Sex differences affect kidney structure, function, CKD presentation, outcomes, and response to therapeutics, but guidelines ignore sex-specific differences.",
    "common_misconception": "Assuming CKD risk, presentation, and treatment response are sex-neutral."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00653-7",
    "title": "Chronic kidney disease, complex conditions, and advancing therapeutics: new hope and challenges",
    "type": "narrative review",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "people with CKD and complex comorbid conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and infection",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": null,
    "key_claim": "SGLT2 inhibitors, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and GLP receptor agonists show benefits in slowing CKD progression and improving cardiovascular outcomes; combination strategies have additive potential.",
    "common_misconception": "Viewing CKD therapies as single-agent choices rather than phenotype-driven combinations."
  },
  {
    "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00755-5",
    "title": "Implementing the commitments of the World Health Assembly kidney health resolution: a key opportunity to improve health for millions",
    "type": "health policy",
    "is_oa": false,
    "population": "850 million people worldwide affected by chronic kidney disease, especially in low-income and middle-income countries",
    "comparator": null,
    "primary_endpoint": null,
    "effect_size": "CKD affects 850 million people worldwide.",
    "key_claim": "WHA kidney health resolution calls for national strategy integration, prevention, early detection, primary care strengthening, KRT access, and burden/progress/ROI measurement.",
    "common_misconception": "Treating CKD policy as dialysis expansion alone."
  }
]